Critique of Cohen and Benjamins Argument on Alcoholism

Paper 2 – Critique of Cohen and Benjamin’s Argument Cohen and Benjamin assert that alcoholics should not be categorically excluded from access to liver transplantation. They argue that alcoholism is a disease and not a choice, and end stage liver damage requiring transplantation is a consequence of this disease. Furthermore, they argue that even if alcoholism is a choice, medicine should not incorporate moral judgments in the considerations of treatment decisions for the patient. They support this reasoning through three arguments: 1) it is impractical and almost impossible to make distinctions on morality, 2) the voluntariness condition to establish responsibility cannot be met, and 3) the implications and consequences of such system would be undesirable. Although these arguments are logical, they overlook certain details that question their applicability in liver transplantation cases. Cohen and Benjamin argue that to exclude patients from liver transplantation based on past history of alcoholism would be to exclude based on evaluation of moral character. They assert that whether a transplantation candidate is â€Å"an abusive parent or a dutiful daughter† or â€Å"cheat[s] on their income taxes or their spouses† would then also have to be considered. Therefore, this system is impractical and impossible due to extensive and intrusive investigation necessary to gather information on a patient’s moral behavior. Assessment of moral character is further problematic because fair and

Building Design Green Buildings - 1120 Words

Green Buildings As Goldman Environmental Prize winner Terry Swearingen stated, â€Å"we are living on this planet as if we had another one to go to.† In today’s society, the architectural process is beginning to exponentially grow due to the vast need of building construction for evolving communities. However, many architects are massively constructing without truly realizing the side effects of building architecture to the economy or environment. A building plan should not be viewed solely on the physical structure, but also the ecological and ethical impacts that the actual construction can potentially create. Eco architecture is gradually integrating developing sustainable concepts into the architectural world and experts are currently exploring green tactics to fulfill the environmental and economical needs of architecture. The term â€Å"green† is coined with eco architecture because the method of construction seeks to minimize harm and disruption to the env ironment, while promoting energy efficiency and cost reduction through the moderate use of natural materials. With the proper approach, architects could operate with a green technique that could potentially strengthen quality control of construction, improve the efficiency of current architecture, and depress the potential harm towards the economy and environment. The primary goal of eco architecture revolves around the balance between energy efficiency and stable use of materials and development space to sustain theShow MoreRelatedDesign And Design Of A Green Building Fundementals 111066 Words   |  5 PagesOF CONTENTS DESIGN BRIEF 3 PASSIVE DESIGN FEATURES 3 ACHIEVING PLANNING REGULATIONS 7 GREEN BUILDING FUNDEMENTALS 11 Embodied Energy Assessment 11 Potable Water Conservation/ Recycling Features 12 Rain Water Harvesting 13 Operational Energy Conservation Strategies 15 STRUCTURAL DESIGN 16 Structural Design Philosophy 16 Critical/Preliminary Member Sizes 17 REFERENCES 20 HOUSE DRAWINGS 25 PD1 – INTERIOR LAYOUT DESIGN 25 PD1 –Read MoreThe Energy And Environmental Design System Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagessustainable or green design. As a result, a variety of industries have adopted sustainable design, including consumer goods, fashion, landscape design and architecture to meld striking design and function. However, the realm of architecture exhibits a unique challenge to sustainability. Construction projects generally utilize large amounts of material, produce waste and oftentimes involve vetting the preservation of buildings that have historical significance against the desire for modern designs. To helpRead MoreSustainability Is Not Green1510 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is sustainability? In contemporary design, sustainability is a furious warrior under a green coat. People usually attribute sustainability with the color â€Å"green,† essence of nature or love and care for mother earth. In the context of construction, this means placing plants in buildings, installing green roofs and use local construction materials. Sustainability is much more than a green coat concept draped over buildings. Sustainability is strong, a courageous idea that would change the futureRead MoreA Brief Note On The Green Building Movement1686 Words   |  7 PagesThe Green Building Movement â€Å"North American homes, offices and other buildings contribute an estimated 2.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere every year—more than one third of the continent s greenhouse gas pollution output† (Biello). Global warming is a worldwide issue that is thought to be one of the most severe problems around the globe. Pollution in the atmosphere is one of the main causes of global warming. This pollution starts to build up and destroy the ozone layer causingRead MoreEssay On Construction Management1057 Words   |  5 Pagesozone layer, etc. sustainability has become a huge forefront for contractors. Northeastern University claims [2], â€Å"Controversial in the fact of to what extent is anything really sustainable and how are people defining this term as new types of green building emerge.† It is an essential topic to stay abreast about for the future in construction management. A scholarly journal is defined by East Carolina University as a peer-reviewed scholar in the same field, that have approved an article to be publishedRead MoreFaculty Of Design And Creative Technologies1378 Words   |  6 Pages FACULTY OF DESIGN AND CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AUCKLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY TE WANANGA ARONUI O TAMAKI MAKAU RAU School of Engineering Master of Construction Management Name Parth Sunilkumar Kapadiya ID Number 16920258 Paper Name Advanced Built Environment (709301 – MCM 2016) Assignment 1 Number of words (excluding appendices) 3283 †¢ Please read and tick the boxes below before handing in your assignment †¢ If you are uncertain about any of these matters then please discuss them with yourRead MoreOne World Trade Center Is An Ideal Representation Of What Green Building1081 Words   |  5 Pagesrepresentation of what green building is. It is not to say that the design and construction of this structure was not without its challenges. In this paper, I will discuss the factors that qualified the building for LEED certification. I will also discuss the challenges the building faced while pursuing this certification and what was done to overcome these challenges. â€Å"One World Trade Center’s Costly Road to LEED Gold† One World Trade Center (OWTC) is undoubtedly the tallest building in the westernRead MoreThe Centre For Interactive Research On Sustainability1513 Words   |  7 Pagesgreenest building in North America and its continual development in sustainable practices has allowed the building to be an internationally recognized leader. Thus, it is certified LEED Platinum. The CIRS has been a UBC project since 1999 – as it went through several iterations, location, inhabitants and owners over the period of time. Simultaneously, significant advancements were made in sustainable technology, public awareness and green building policies. Therefore, the design of the building has strengthenedRead MoreEssay on Buildings As An Underlying Cause of Global Warming2812 Words   |  12 Pagesareas of interest for the whole world. Buildings as an underlying cause are responsible for global warming. Edwards (1996) pointed out that building has a key role to play as they are one of the major sources o f energy consumption. And he (1996) also stated with some statistics to support this point that buildings account for about half of all global – energy, water, and raw materials as well as in the EU (Edwards, 1996, P. xiv). And another data is that buildings constitute about 45 per cent of carbon-dioxideRead MoreEngineering A Sustainable World : What Does It Take Up Out On Top?1298 Words   |  6 Pagesfields offers hope to reverse the climate changes all together. A powerful wave of environmental consciousness has been permeating throughout the industrial world, resulting in major conservation efforts in economic sectors like agriculture, energy and green technology. â€Å"Simple living† even at its most extreme would not be enough to save the planet, according to Jensen; â€Å"Simple living† is an active choice made by individuals to reduce their carbon footprint through voluntary reduce, reuse, and recycle

The Country Of Lagos Nigeria - 1121 Words

The video â€Å"Lagos/Koolhas† does a great job of portraying the country of Lagos Nigeria which is a rapidly expanding city with very few resources to actually handle this rapid growth. Much like in other undeveloped countries these rapid development is resulting in many individuals living in slum conditions with few options for work. The difference between Lagos and other developing cities is Lagos is now considered a Mega-city an as of 2014 has a population of 24 million people, making it the largest city in Africa (Lagos Population 2016). With the population again set to double by 2050 the question that arises is it possible for Lagos to become a sustainable mega city, or will this rapid development continue to be a problem for years to come? The video shown in class â€Å"Lagos/Koolhas† really brings to light a major problem that is affecting the majority of the population. With the cities rapid development a majority of the population is forced to live in some of the worst slums that been highlighted in our course. These people are doing anything to survive, mostly working in the informal sector, selling whatever they can. Much like many other growing cities in developing countries a majority of Lagos has been developed with very little planning, which leads to the development of the slums that a majority of individuals are living in. These slums are built with whatever material is available at the time, and not suitable for humans to live in. They are crowded, dirty and unlikeShow MoreRelatedEconomics and Business Climate Overview of Lagos, Nigeria.1500 Words   |  6 PagesEconomics and Business Climate Overview of Lagos, Nigeria. 1.0 Background Information 1.1 Geopolitical Profile The smallest in area of Nigerias states (total land area of three thousand, five hundred and seventy seven square meters), Lagos State is the most populous state (with over eighteen million people according to 2006 population census) and unarguably the most economically important state of the country and the nations most urbanized (Economic Intelligence Unit, MEPB 2012). This large,Read MoreEconomic Growth And Development Of Lagos And Nigeria958 Words   |  4 PagesDevelopment The clustered nature of SMEs in Lagos and Zhenjiang gives room for economies of scale ,ideally it is expected to facilitate synergy, specialization, cost reduction via the use of infrastructural facilities available and supply chain processes (Lee et al, 2010).The realities present a sharp disparity while most clusters in Zhenjiang have a well structured supply chain with a robust e-commerce platform that facilitates international businesses, clusters in Lagos are mostly service and import dependentRead MoreChris Abanis Graceland1177 Words   |  5 Pagesthat stated, rather proudly, that Nigeria had a higher percentage of millionaires...than nearly any other country in the world, and most of them lived and conducted their business in Lagos. The editorial failed to mention that their wealth had been made over the years with the help of crooked politicians, criminal soldiers, bent contractors, and greedy oil company executives. Or that Nigeria also had a higher percentage of poor peop le than nearly any other country in the world.† (Abani 8) This quoteRead MoreReduction of Diarrheal Diseases in Under-Five Children in Lagos, Nigeria970 Words   |  4 Pagesdisease is very dangerous for children under –five years Nigeria is one the countries with high child death rate in the world. In the year 2010 for example, under-five mortality rate was 157/1000 live births and child mortality rate was 75/1000 live births (DHS, 2010). Diarrhea accounts for 19% of all childhood mortality in Nigeria. This essay intends to discuss the reduction of diarrheal diseases in under-five children in Lagos, Nigeria. The essay will dwell to assess the epidemiological issuesRead MoreMarketing Nigeri Nigeria s Largest Economy1231 Words   |  5 PagesDe’Angelo Collington Dr. Bunger WC 370 SSA 1/24/17 Marketing Nigeria In April 2014 statistical rebasing exercise, Nigeria has emerged as Africa s largest economy, with 2015 GDP estimated at $1.1 trillion. Oil has been a dominant source of income and government revenues since the 1970s. Following the 2008-9 global financial crises, the banking sector was effectively recapitalized and regulation enhanced. Nigeria’s economic growth over the last five years has been driven by growth in agricultureRead MoreDiscuss Whether Unbalanced Growth Necessarily Leads to Urban Bias1134 Words   |  5 PagesUrban bias exists when the overall economic development of a country is restricted or hindered by the urban-dwellers that are more able to pressure and manipulate the government and can do so to their own advantage. Wikipedia describes urban bias as â€Å"a political economy argument according to which economic development is hampered by groups who, by their central location in urban areas, are able to pressure governments to protect their interests†. The theory of urban bias stems from the UrbanRead MoreTHE POWER OF YOUR VOTE:A CATALYST FOR A STABLE AND UNITED NIGERIA900 Words   |  4 PagesTHE POWER OF YOUR VOTE:A CATALYST FOR A STABLE AND UNITED NIGERIA Everyone is familiar with the term voting. Many people have different meanings and perspectives of voting. Some might put it as the power of your voice,others that it is the ability to choose a good leader,and so many other ideas. For me as a person, I believe it is the access to chose a leader who you believe will lift,move and facilitate growth and create better societyRead MoreThis essay will describe and analyse the difference between the two articles, about urban cities1100 Words   |  5 Pagesreshaping of city lives and daily mundane. The essay will talk about the two choosing articles in regards to Urbanisation of London and that of Lagos in Nigeria. The first article is from a journal by Doctor Paulette Clarkson – London as a city of today, the second article is a reading text - from website. Firstly, two cities came to mind; London and Lagos. In first attempt, let’s take London as an urban city going back decades when the Second World War had just finish then. Like many urban citiesRead MoreEcological Footprint Of Sea Food Consumption1350 Words   |  6 PagesECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT OF SEA FOOD CONSUMPTION IN LAGOS Lagos is surrounded by water, Lagos Island is practically on the ocean and the availability of water has contributed to the growth of Lagos in ways like Tourism, Holidaying, Transportation and food. The Atlantic coastline of Lagos is estimated to be 180km long this is an addition to the estuaries, lagoons, creeks and tributaries of major rivers that constitute the resource base for the thriving fisheries industry that are four in number. The totalRead MoreThe Current Consumption Of Nigeria Essay975 Words   |  4 Pagesis 7.5 kilos per person against global fish consumption at 18.7 kilos per person, implying and meaning that the country’s current consumption shortfall per person is still large, at 11.2 kilo per person. Catfish usually the primary fish farmed in Nigeria, sells for about $2.50 per kilogram which is relatively high while imported fish species sell for sixty cents per kilogram quite low. The government is targeting for substitution of species like mackerel, herring, horse mackerel, croaker and blue

Case Study 1 Trader Joe s Keeping a Cool Edge 1 - 1936 Words

Case Study 1 Trader Joe’s Keeping a Cool Edge The average Trader Joe’s stocks only a small percentage of the products of local supermarkets in a space little larger than a corner store. How did this neighborhood market grow to earnings of $9 billion, garner superior ratings, and become a model of management? Take a walk down the aisles of Trader Joe’s and learn how sharp attention to the fundamentals of retail management made this chain more than the average Joe. From Corner Store to Foodie Mecca In more than 365 stores across the United States, hundreds of thousands of customers are treasure hunting.1 Driven by gourmet tastes but hungering for deals, they are led by cheerful guides in Hawaiian shirts who point them to culinary†¦show more content†¦Recent annual sales are estimated at $9 billion, landing Trader Joe’s in the top third of Supermarket News’s Top 75 Retailers.12 Because it’s not easy competing with such giants as Whole Foods and Dean DeLuca, the company applies its pursuit of value to every facet of management. By keeping stores comparatively small—they average about 10–15,000 square feet—and shying away from prime locations, Trader Joe’s keeps real estate costs down.13 The chain prides itself on its thriftiness and cost-saving measures, proclaiming, â€Å"Every penny we save is a penny you save† and â€Å"Our CEO doesn’t even have a secretary.†14,15 Trader Giotto, Trader Josà ©, Trader Ming, and Trader Darwin Trader Joe’s strongest weapon in the ï ¬ ght to keep costs low may also be its greatest appeal to customers: its stock. The company follows a deliciously simple approach to stocking stores: (1) search out tasty, unusual foods from all around the world; (2) contract directly with manufacturers; (3) label each product under one of several catchy house brands; and (4) maintain a small stock, making each product ï ¬ ght for its place on the shelf. This commonsense, low-overhead approach to retail serves Trader Joe’s well, embodying its commitment to aggressive cost-cutting. Most Trader Joe’s products are sold under a variant of their house brand—dried pasta under the â€Å"Trader Giotto’s† moniker, frozen enchiladas under the â€Å"Trader Jose’s† label, vitamins under â€Å"Trader Darwin’s,† andShow MoreRelatedRed Bull Marketing Plan7856 Words   |  32 PagesBut last week the end-of-year gloom was lifted by the arrival of a most unlikely new inhabitant. A bronzed and energetic Austrian, who has made a billion-pound fortune selling a drink that looks and tastes like medicine has just become the town s biggest private investor. Dietrich Mateschitz, 60, the owner of Red Bull, spent more than  £60m buying up the Jaguar Formula One racing team. The thundering bull logo and Red Bull gives you wings advertising slogan will replace the Jaguar logo onRead MoreVarian Solution153645 Words   |  615 PagesChapter 1 NAME The Market Introduction. The problems in this chapter examine some variations on the apartment market described in the text. In most of the problems we work with the true demand curve constructed from the reservation prices of the consumers rather than the â€Å"smoothed† demand curve that we used in the text. Remember that the reservation price of a consumer is that price where he is just indiï ¬â‚¬erent between renting or not renting the apartment. At any price below the reservationRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pages441 441 CASE STUDIES A summary of the case analysis I N T R O D U C T I O N Preparing an effective case analysis: The full story Hearing with the aid of implanted technology: The case of Cochlearâ„ ¢ – an Australian C A S E O N E high-technology leader Delta Faucet: Global entrepreneurship in an emerging market C A S E T W O DaimlerChrysler: Corporate governance dynamics in a global company C A S E T H R E E Gunns and the greens: Governance issues in Tasmania C A S E F O U R Succeeding in theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Departme nt, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesManagement, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New YorkRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 597 CASE STUDIES ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 598 ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 599 Guide to using the case studies The main text of this book includes 87 short illustrations and 15 case examples which have been chosen to enlarge speciï ¬ c issues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extendRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagesprovide a self assessment for rating your own innovator’s DNA), the authors explain how you can generate ideas, collaborate with colleagues to implement them, and build innovation skills throughout your organization to sharpen its competitive edge. at innovation advantage can translate into a premium in your company’s stock price—an innovation premium—that is possible only by building the code for innovation right into your organization’s people, processes, and guiding philosophies. PracticalRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesCONTENTS: CASE STUDIES CASE STUDY 1 Midsouth Chamber of Commerce (A): The Role of the Operating Manager in Information Systems CASE STUDY I-1 IMT Custom Machine Company, Inc.: Selection of an Information Technology Platform CASE STUDY I-2 VoIP2.biz, Inc.: Deciding on the Next Steps for a VoIP Supplier CASE STUDY I-3 The VoIP Adoption at Butler University CASE STUDY I-4 Supporting Mobile Health Clinics: The Children’s Health Fund of New York City CASE STUDY I-5 DataRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pages............................................................................................................ 1 Editor’s note: The Echeruo (1997) and Igwe (1999) Igbo dictionaries ...................................................... 2 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Earlier lexicographical work on Igbo.......................................................................Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPorter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New

Observation Natural Development Of A Child â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Observation Natural Development Of A Child? Answer: Introduction Dr Maria Montessori developed the Montessori Method of child-cantered education. This approach on education is very popular amongst the parents and the educators. This method has been used for over hundred years in the whole world. The Montessori Method is extremely scientific as it is based on the logical observation of a childs development in a proper and natural environment (Ahmadpour, Mujembari, 2015). The purpose of the report is to understand the key theoretical strategies of the Montessori Method of education. Main Proponents and date of Conception: Even from starting, Dr. Montessori based her method by observing the childrens development and experimenting with the learning environment. Dr Montessori opened Casa dei Bambini (Childrens home) her first classroom for children in 1907(Ahmadpour, Mujembari, 2015). The first proponent of her work on scientific pedagogy was the Franchetti couple, Alice financial and Leopold Franchetti. Alice Franchetti and Maria Montessori worked together for two years and developed Method Franchetti-Montessori (ltanir, 2012). Many famous educators and personalities like Helen Keller, Jean Piaget, and Mahatma Gandhi supported the Montessori Method of education. Theoretical links: The classical method of teaching was teacher based. The traditional method of teaching was common in every country and was based on the transfer of knowledge from teacher to student. The traditional method was based on the approach of preparing student s for life. The school was treated as a complete different part of the society (Montessori, 2013). In Montessori Method, the teacher behaves more like a guiding force in students life. In Montessori Method, the school is regarded as the part of the whole society and is focussed on teaching the students the social matters. The foundation of the Montessori approach is based on the unique traits of every student (Montessori, 2013). Key strategies for teaching, learning and assessment: As the Montessori Method is a child-centric teaching method, the main strategy of confident this method is to make the children independent so that the child can be self-confident and can carry forward the self-belief and esteem throughout their life (Lillard, 2016). The Montessori Method is based on observation and learning pattern of the children. The method is based on the observation on the childrens interest. The role of the teacher would be of a guide who drives the children to excellence. To make the childrens absorbent mind to learn positively the teacher has to make the teaching environment positive (Montessori, 2013). As the Montessori Method an outcome-based teaching-learning method, it requires assessment which is based on activities such as oral presentation, projects and portfolios made by the students (ltanir, 2012). Key strategies for planning and reflection: The main principle of the Montessori Method is to follow the child. The key strategy of Montessori Method allows the child to be independent. This makes the child to enjoy the fruit of self-discovery (Lillard, 2016). The teachers plan to make the children free to choose their own activity. The children are exposed to many forms of fine arts like music, drama and language. The primary goal would be to enhance the childrens sense to enjoy the natural wonder. The main goal of this method is not concerned with academics. This method is more concerned with the happiness of the children (Huxel, 2013). Goals and outcomes: Dr. Maria Montessori based her approach of childrens education on the independence of children to make the children to achieve their goals on their own. This approach is achieved by providing the children with opportunities to prove themselves. This marketing sure that they acquire self-belief, self-confidence and self-esteem. Dr. Montessori learned about children by observing them and developed her theories on these observations (Huxel, 2013). She came into conclusion that, to have proper education, the child is needed to do exactly that activity he or she was interested in. Another method to better the learning outcome is to correct the child. The approach of the teacher should be to involve the children in the process of correcting themselves rather than blatantly pointing out the mistake (Lillard, 2012). In Montessori Method, the classroom is child friendly with many set-ups to influence the children to do the activities and allow freedom to choose what to do. Another goal of the Montessori Method is to make the children experience the environment as the children under the age of three can absorb everything they experience (Huxel, 2013). To make their experience good enough to provide good learning outcome, it is very important to make their environment positive (Isaacs, 2014). Image of the child in Montessori Method: The child should be happy. The main strategy of Montessori Method is child-centric (Gestwicki, 2013). This makes this method less concerned with the academics of the child and more concerned with the natural inclination of the child towards any activity of their choice. The Montessori Method lets the child free to choose any activity and leads them to enjoy the self-learning (Isaacs, 2014). Conclusion: The Montessori Method helps the children to experience and enjoy the the real life. The classroom entertains the children by doing activities to help them focussing on the simulator concepts which is based on the concrete object. The Montessori Method considers this and focuses on the all-over development of the child. References: Ahmadpour, N., Mujembari, A. K. (2015). The impact of Montessori teaching method on IQ levels of 5-year old children.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,205, 122-127. Gestwicki, C. (2013).Developmentally operations practice: Curriculum and development in early education. Cengage management. Huxel, A. C. (2013). Authentic Montessori: The Teacher Makes the Difference.Montessori Life: A Publication of the American Montessori Society,25(2), 32-34. Isaacs, B. (2014).Bringing the Montessori approach to your early years practice. Routledge. Lillard, A. S. (2012). Preschool children's business development in classic Montessori, supplemented Montessori, and conventional programs.Journal of School Psychology,50(3), 379-401. Lillard, A. S. (2016).Montessori: The science behind the genius. Oxford University Press. Montessori, M. (2013).The montessori method. Transaction publishers. ltanir, E. (2012). An Epistemologic Glance at the Constructivist Approach: Constructivist Learning in Dewey, Piaget, and Montessori.

Commonwealth Government Of the Australia †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Commonwealth Government Of The Australia? Answer: Introduction The project My Health record System by The commonwealth Government of Australia aims at storing the patients important data securely over internet so that it is easily accessible to the professionals, hospital staffs and the patients when required (Pearce Bainbridge, 2014). This system is to be designed keeping in mind the confidentiality, integrity and the availability of patients data, which is to be securely stored in cloud server. This eliminates the hassle of manual record keeping the hospitals and further frees the patients from retelling about their problems every time they visit a new professional. The government of Australia has initiated the project (Steele, Min Lo, 2012). The report discusses the functional and non-functional requirements of the project. It further elaborates the strength and weakness of storing the patients data over cloud and the SDLC approach of developing this project. Functional requirements The functional requirements of the project are elaborated below- 1) Authentication Medical records can be accessed only by the registered candidates. Patients have the power to select the accessibility of the system. Only the registered candidates can access the system. Therefore, authentication is an important functional requirement of the system under development (Jain, Nandakumar, 2012). 2) Summary The system should enable the feature of a summarized diagnostic record. This will help the patients as well as the professionals to identify the most important information. 3) Authorization levels- Authorization level will ensure that only a correct individual is able is access as proper information. It will limit the access of the health record system. 4) Edit/Update button- This button will enable the user to edit the existing documents and allow the user to upload new documents as well. Non-Functional requirements The non-functional requirement of the system are listed below Chung, Nixon Mylopoulos, 2012)- 1) Functionality- The system should abide by the functionality of the system, which includes the storage of patients data in cloud. 2) Usability- the system should be simple so that it offers usability to all the users 3) Reliability- the system should be reliable enough so that the patients can store their personal health information without any worry. 4) Performance- The system should offer high performance level of data access and data processing. 5) Supportability- the system should features of testability, adaptability and maintainability that as a whole reflects to the supportability of the system 6) Configurability- The system should be easily configured and updated. 7) Scalability- The system should be scalable and flexible to adapt to new changes. Strength and Weakness of cloud based solution The cloud environment in which the system is to be developed is All-cloud environment. This cloud environment has many potential advantages and hence it is being used. This environment helps in accessing all the works, documents and information from any device. The strength and weakness of All-cloud based solution is elaborated in the following paragraphs (Galibus Vissia, 2015)- Strength The strength of using All-cloud solution apart from easy accessibility are listed below- 1) Usability- All-cloud storage allows the users to drag files between the cloud storage and the local storage thus making the usability easier. 2) Bandwidth- high bandwidth, files can be accessed with a web link as well. 3) Reliability- The service platform of All-cloud storage offers high reliability. 4) Manageability- All-cloud provides enhanced and simplified information management and maintenance capabilities through a central administration and hence it is hassle free. 5) Disaster Recovery- cloud provides an easier disaster recovery facility, which ensures the availability of data even after a disaster. 6) Cost savings- cloud storage decreases the cost of storing a huge number of data. 7) Data availability- Cloud storage ensures the availability of data 24/7. Thus, both the patients and the professionals anytime anywhere can access the patients record (Chen Zhao, 2012). Weakness The weaknesses of using All-cloud solution are listed below- 1) Security and privacy - the major issues with the cloud storage is its security standards. All-cloud service providers ensure best security standards but the public service opens up cloud service providers into security challenges on a routine basis. The facility in procuring the cloud services can give did honest user the power and ability to scan the vulnerabilities in the system. This is particularly because, data are being hosted in a common server from where a hacker might able to break in and access the personal data of the patients. The commonwealth government of Australia should ensure proper data security (Kulkarni et al., 2012). 2) Vulnerable to attack- Cloud computing works over internet and therefore, it is vulnerable to cyber attacks. Moreover, cloud computing is built as a public service and thus it multiplies the possibility of an attack. The Australian government therefore should ensure that the My Health Record System is secure enough to bypass those attacks (AlZain et al., 2012). 3) Dependencies- Cloud storage or cloud service is dependent of the cloud service provider and therefore it is the responsibility of the Australian government to decide the dervice provider wisely (Rittinghouse Ransome, 2016). 4) Cost- The initial cost of developing a cloud-based solution is very high. However, once the system is set up, it reduces the hardware costs, which in turn benefits the organization. Predictive Approach The predictive software development life cycle or SDLC assumes that the phases associated with the software development life cycle can be pre planned sequentially during the project initiation. This will ensure no or little lap in the different phases of the software development life cycle. In this approach, the project deliverable is defined at the beginning of the project. This approach assumes that the system can fully developed according to the plan without the necessity or addition of any new requirement throughout the development of the project (Tuteja Dubey, 2012). The pros or advantages of the predictive SDLC approach are listed below- 1) Predictive approach of SDLC helps in defining a clear project objective. 2) It helps in ascertaining stable project requirements 3) It is easier to track and measure the progress of the project as the phases are pre defined. 4) The predictive approach follows strict sign-off requirements and thus the project handover becomes simple and easier. 5) The predictive approach considerably helps in risk avoidance as it defines the project requirements at the beginning of the project. 6) This method includes a strong approval and documentation control. All the planning phases are properly documented and are strictly followed during the execution phase. The cons or disadvantages of the predictive SDLC approach are listed below- 1) The major disadvantage of this model is that it is time consuming. Since the project is planned at the beginning of the project, the entire plan is needed to be properly documented so that the project team can work according to the plan. 2) The predictive approach prevents the backward tracking of the project as in it does not include any feedback path. 3) The predictive SDLC approach is not able to respond to the changes and offers little room for iteration. The Adaptive approach The adaptive SDLC approach generally refers to the development of a project or a system using agile methodology. In Agile methodology, the whole project is divided into sprints and is very different from the predictive approach. Unlike predictive approach, adaptive approach helps in improvising the project into the development phase and offers feedback path. The phases are not sequenced in this approach and hence the project can be improvised in any phase. Furthermore, this approach enables a thorough testing of each phase unlike the adaptive phase, which is a plus point (Balaji Murugaiyan, 2012). The advantages of adaptive SDLC are listed below- 1) Allows regular adoption to changes 2) Through testing is done before every release 3) Customers feedback is an important criterion 4) The project can be improvised even after development. The Disadvantages of Adaptive approach are listed below- 1) The project requires thorough supervision. 2) This approach might take a longer schedule to complete if new requirements are added in the later stages of the development. My Health record system is a medium sized project undertaken by the Australian government. It aims at making the medical procedures more easy and effective. Therefore, the system to be developed needs to be of high quality and should be completed within the scheduled time. Therefore, it is recommended that the appropriate approach of developing this system will be the adaptive approach towards the software development life cycle (Mahalakshmi Sundararajan, 2013). Conclusion Therefore form the above discussion, it can be concluded that the use of cloud storage will make the system easier to implement and cost effective as well. However, the security issues involved with the storage of data over cloud should be considered. The report elaborates major functional and non-functional requirements involved with the system. The discussion suggests adaptive SDLC approach to be suitable for the development of this software. Reference AlZain, M. A., Pardede, E., Soh, B., Thom, J. A. (2012, January). Cloud computing security: from single to multi-clouds. 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International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE), 2(3), 251-257.